Aqueous Equilibrium and Precipitation Reaction- Suppression of the Ionization of Ammonium Hydroxide

Common Ion Effect With Lead Iodide

Precipitates and Complexes of Copper (II)

Precipitates and Complexes of Nickel (II)

Precipitates and Complexes of Silver (I)

Precipitating Silver With Chromate and Chloride Ions

Solubility of Silver Acetate

Cadmium Sulfide Precipitates as a Function of H+ Concentration

Orange Tornado

Precipitates and Complexes of Iron (III)

Precipitating Sodium Chloride From a Saturated Solution

Precipitation of Lead Chloride From a Saturated Solution

Reaction Between Carbon Dioxide and Limewater

Silver Chloride Dissolves in Excess Chloride Ion

Suppression of the Ionization of Ammonium Hydroxide II

Suppression of the Ionization of Ammonium Hydroxide

Suppression of the Ionization of Ammonium Hydroxide 

Description: Two equimolar solutions of Ammonium hydroxide are treated with phenolphthalein indicator. A bright pink color is noted in each. Ammonium chloride is added to one beaker of solution and not to the other. The color of the solution in the ammonium chloride treated beaker fades in color noticeably. 

NH4OH(aq) ↔ NH4+(aq) + OH–(aq) 

NH4Cl(aq) → NH4+(aq) + Cl–(aq) 

2NH4+(aq) + Cl–(aq) + OH–(aq) → NH3(g) + H2O(l) + NH4+(aq) + Cl–(aq) 

NH4Cl(s)+ NH4OH(aq) → NH3(g) + H2O(l) + Cl–(aq) + NH4+(aq) 

Source: UW Card Catalog

Year: N/A   Vol: N/A   Page: N/A

Keywords: Equilibrium, Indicator, Common ion effect, Le Chatelier’s principle 

Rating:

Hazard: Some

• Acute toxicity- oral
• Skin corrosion hazard
• Serious eye damage
• Specific target organ toxicity- single exposure- respiratory system
• Short-term (acute) aquatic hazard
• Eye irritation
• Germ cell mutagenicity
• Carcinogenicity
• Reproductive toxicity
• Electric shock hazard

Effectiveness: Average

• Results are observable with guidance
• Secondary effects are observed
• Mild effects are observed by audience
• Time to results is low
• Good reliability

Difficulty: Low

• Simple addition of reagents
• Simple procedures
• Simple manipulations for most to perform
• Demos at standard conditions

Safety Precautions:

• Eye protection required
• Gloves required
• Perform in a well-ventilated area
• Avoid exposure to dusts, mists, and vapors
• Use UL approved three-prong plug and outlet
• Prevent release of reagents to the environment

Class: Aqueous Equilibrium and Precipitation Reactions

Division: General

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