Equilibrium Between Nitrogen Dioxide and Dinitrogen Tetroxide
Effect of Pressure on the Melting Point of Ice
The Liquid Phase of Carbon Dioxide
Vapor Pressure of Pure Liquids
Getting Colder: Freezing-Point Depression
Getting Hotter: Boiling-Point Elevation by Nonvolatile Solutes
Osmotic Pressure of a Sugar Solution
Vapor Pressure of Solutions: Raoult’s Law
Boiling Two Liquids at Room Temperature
Salting Out: Making Liquids Immiscible
Electrolysis of Potassium Iodide
Hydrogen Ion Concentration Cell
Acid-Base Properties of Amino Acids
Electrical Conductivity of Liquids and Solutions
Instrumental Recording of a Titration Curve
A Visual Demonstration of Raoult’s Law
The Liquid Phase of Carbon Dioxide
Description: Powdered dry ice is placed in a transparent tube equipped with a pressure gauge. As the dry ice sublimes, the pressure goes up. The solid melts at about 4 atmospheres gauge.
This demonstration is also available on video and on JCE Software “Chemistry Comes Alive!” Vol. 2 CD-Rom.
Source: Journal of Chemical Education
Year: 1989 Vol: 66 Page: 597
Keywords: Dry ice, Sublimation, Pressure, Liquefaction
Rating: 
Hazard: Some
- Cryogenic burn hazard
- Asphyxiation hazard
- Explosion hazard
Effectiveness: Good
- Results are observable with guidance
- Low failure rate
- Good connection from demo to course material
- Time to results is medium
Difficulty: Medium
- Demo performed at non-standard conditions
- Some intermediate steps to results
- Some strength-dependent manipulations
Safety Precautions:
- Cryogenic gloves required
- Eye protection required
- Perform in a well-ventilated area
- If video feed is used, then use UL approved three-prong plug and outlet
Class: Intermolecular forces, Equilibrium of Chemical Systems
Division: General, Physical Chemistry
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