Classical Properties of Acids and Bases
The top photo shows a beaker labeled “H2O” with clear liquid and dark solid substances in the bottom of the beaker. A beaker labeled “H2SO4” contains liquid with foam. A beaker labeled “HOAC” contains cloudy liquid. A dissolving substance with white streaks appears in the last beaker with an identifying label. The bottom photo shows a beaker labeled “H2O” with cloudy gray liquid, a beaker labeled “H2SO4” with blue liquid, a beaker labeled “HOAC” with dark liquid, and a beaker labeled “HCl” with blue liquid.
Description: Classic examples of properties of acids. Acids change the color of litmus, react with metals and copper carbonate, and are no longer active when reacted with base.
Source: Shakhashiri, B.Z. Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry
Year: 1989 Vol: 3 Page: 58
Keywords: Litmus paper, Acid and Base Properties, Neutralization, Disassociation
Rating: 
Hazard: Medium
- Skin corrosion hazard
- Corrosive to metals
- Acute toxicity hazard – oral, inhalation
- Serious eye damage
- Aquatic toxicity hazard
- Oxidizing solids
- Solids which when wet, produce flammable gases
- Specific organ toxicity – respiratory system
Effectiveness: Average
- Results are observable with guidance
- Mild effects are seen by audience
- Time to results is high
- Good connection from demo to course material
- Contrast between systems are noticeable
Difficulty: High
- Complex and extended lab equipment manipulations
- Use of toxic reagents
- Demo requires training or extended practice
- Multi-step procedures
Safety Precautions:
- Eye protection required
- Gloves required
- Absorbent materials on hand
- Sodium bicarbonate on hand
- Chemically resistant surface recommended
- Perform in a well-ventilated area
- ABC fire extinguisher on hand
- Prevent release of reagents to the environment
Class: Acids and Bases
Division: General
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